REPORT ON CORPORATE INCOME TAX INFORMATION

in compliance with chapter 10a of Directive 2013/34/EU (‘country-by-country reporting’)

Introduction

This report on income tax information has been prepared for Ashland Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries for the reporting year from 1 October 2024 to 30 September 2025 in accordance with the applicable EU Public Country-by-Country Reporting requirements. As Ashland Inc. is governed by the law of a non-EU jurisdiction, Ashland Specialties Ireland Limited has been designated to file this report with the Irish Companies Registration Office on behalf of the Group. The information presented in this report is based on the data included in Ashland’s OECD Country-by-Country Report as filed for the reporting period. The same data has been used for this report and presented in accordance with the applicable EU Public Country-by-Country Reporting requirements. The underlying financial information is based on financial information prepared under US GAAP for group reporting purposes. The reporting currency is US dollars. Foreign-currency amounts are translated into US dollars using average exchange rates for profit and loss items and period-end exchange rates for balance sheet items. The number of employees is reported on a full-time-equivalent basis as at 30 September 2025. The information is presented separately for the jurisdictions required to be disclosed on a country-by-country basis, with the remaining jurisdictions aggregated under “All other tax jurisdictions (aggregated basis)”. The preparation approach has been applied consistently across the tax jurisdictions included in the report.

Section 1. General information

Name of ultimate parent of group / of standalone company	Ashland Inc.
Country of registered office of ultimate parent undertaking	United States of America (the)
Date of start of financial year	2024-10-01
Date of end of financial year	2025-09-30
Reporting currency	USD
Application of option to report in accordance with taxation reporting instructions	true
Name and registered office of a single subsidiary undertaking which has published the report on income tax information of an undertaking that is not governed by the law of a Member State	Ashland Specialties Ireland Limited National Science Park Building V Dublin Road Petitswood Mullingar, Westmeath, Ireland N91 F6PD
Name and address of a single branch which has published the report on income tax information of an undertaking that is not governed by the law of a Member State	Not applicable
Language of report	en

Section 2. Overview of information on a country-by-country basis

Name of Member State or tax jurisdiction	Country code of Member State or tax jurisdiction	Revenues	Profit (loss) before tax	Income tax paid (on cash basis)	Income tax accrued – current year	Accumulated earnings	Number of employees
Austria	AT	0	339609	43214	76332	774425	0
Belgium	BE	25729401	2706848	798	4380519	747381666	107
Bermuda	BM	397229	192937	0	35376	6012758	0
Czech Republic (the)	CZ	208162	207082	61445	40047	313416	1
Denmark	DK	3252379	2697210	676040	605142	-155570447	0
France	FR	83492110	5727776	0	1678154	-14438093	188
Germany	DE	99337968	-343003	4908846	1942246	9540469	58
Hungary	HU	0	0	0	0	-1714482	1
Ireland	IE	27700893	3989005	0	288510	-751977	27
Italy	IT	53713267	154880	470004	342912	-4668480	10
Netherlands (the)	NL	39718536	-12685	1242971	1664858	940851018	157
Poland	PL	28639403	1091630	128254	140117	-170199	122
Portugal	PT	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spain	ES	41189066	1231684	484251	350010	-2178601	5
Sweden	SE	32295	28739	30691	8700	550073	1
Russia	RU	0	-550630	0	0	0	0
Türkiye	TR	13298735	1518501	0	-117108	-771919	20
United Arab Emirates	AE	0	0	0	-6667	-6795268	4
All other tax jurisdictions (aggregated basis)
		2511338343	-155553594	23524977	3297831037	4080791639	2169

Section 3. List of subsidiaries and activities

Name of Member State or tax jurisdiction	Country code of Member State or tax jurisdiction	Name of subsidiary undertakings consolidated in financial statements of ultimate parent undertaking	Brief description per country of nature of activities in Member State or tax jurisdiction
Austria	AT	Ashland Specialties Austria GmbH	Sales, Marketing or Distribution
Belgium	BE	Ashland Specialties Belgium BV Hercules Holding BV ISP (Belgium) International N. V. ISP Freight Services N. V.	Manufacturing or Production / Sales, Marketing or Distribution/ Administrative, Management or Support / Holding shares or other equity instruments
Bermuda	BM	Ash B5 Limited Ashland Finance Limited (keep though merged) Bluegrass Insurance Company Limited Curtis Bay Insurance Co. Limited	Holding or Managing intellectual property / Internal Group Finance / Holding shares or other equity instruments / Dormant
Czech Republic (the)	CZ	Ashland CZ s.r.o.	Sales, Marketing or Distribution
Denmark	DK	Hercules Investment ApS	Dormant
France	FR	Ashland Industries France SAS Ashland Specialties France S.a.r.l. ISP France Holding SARL ISP France Marketing SARL Progiven S.A.S.	Research and Development / Manufacturing or Production / Sales, Marketing or Distribution / Holding shares or other equity instruments / Dormant
Germany	DE	Ashland Industries Deutschland GmbH Ashland Specialties Deutschland GmbH ISP Global Technologies Deutschland Unterstutzungskasse GmbH	Research and Development / Sales, Marketing or Distribution / Administrative, Management or Support / Other
Hungary	HU	-	Other
Ireland	IE	Ashland International Receivables DAC Ashland Specialties Ireland Limited	Research and Development / Manufacturing or Production / Sales, Marketing or Distribution
Italy	IT	Ashland Industries Italia S.r.l. Ashland Italia S.r.l.	Sales, Marketing or Distribution / Dormant
Netherlands (the)	NL	Ashland Canada Holdings B. V. Ashland Industries Nederland B.V. Ashland Services B. V. Hercules Investments Netherlands B.V.	Research and Development / Manufacturing or Production / Sales, Marketing or Distribution / Administrative, Management or Support / Internal Group Finance / Holding shares or other equity instruments
Poland	PL	Ashland Ingredients Poland Sp. z o.o.	Sales, Marketing or Distribution / Administrative, Management or Support / Other
Portugal	PT	Ashland Plastics de Portugal	/
Spain	ES	Ashland Spain Real Estate Holdings, S.L. Ashland Specialties Hispania S.L.	Sales, Marketing or Distribution / Other
Sweden	SE	Ashland Specialties Sverige AB	Administrative, Management or Support
Russia	RU	Ashland Eastern Markets LLC	Administrative, Management or Support
Türkiye	TR	Ashland Specialty Chemicals Commerce Ltd	Sales, Marketing or Distribution / Administrative, Management or Support / Other
United Arab Emirates	AE	-	Administrative, Management or Support / Other

Section 4. Omitted information

Disclosure of type of information omitted
Information omitted	Information omitted, other tax jurisdictions	Explanation of reason for omission of information
No information omitted	No information omitted	No information omitted
Disclosure of information omitted for previous financial years
No information omitted

Section 5. Explanations for material discrepancies between income tax paid and accrued

Explanation of any material discrepancies between income tax paid and accrued
Income tax accrued represents the current income tax expense recognised in respect of the reporting period, whereas income tax paid on a cash basis represents tax payments and refunds occurring during the reporting period. The two amounts may therefore reflect tax liabilities relating to different periods. Differences between income tax accrued and income tax paid principally arise from the timing of tax instalments, payments and refunds, the settlement or true-up of liabilities relating to previous financial years, withholding taxes, tax-group or cross-border tax-payment arrangements, and other adjustments arising under applicable accounting and tax rules. Consequently, income tax paid during a particular financial year is not necessarily directly comparable with the current income tax expense accrued in respect of that same financial year.

Explanation of any material discrepancies between income tax paid and accrued

Income tax accrued represents the current income tax expense recognised in respect of the reporting period, whereas income tax paid on a cash basis represents tax payments and refunds occurring during the reporting period. The two amounts may therefore reflect tax liabilities relating to different periods. Differences between income tax accrued and income tax paid principally arise from the timing of tax instalments, payments and refunds, the settlement or true-up of liabilities relating to previous financial years, withholding taxes, tax-group or cross-border tax-payment arrangements, and other adjustments arising under applicable accounting and tax rules. Consequently, income tax paid during a particular financial year is not necessarily directly comparable with the current income tax expense accrued in respect of that same financial year.